Active calories are the estimated calories you expend above resting metabolism through movement and exercise.
Basal calories are the calories your body uses at rest to maintain core life functions such as breathing, circulation, temperature regulation, and cellular maintenance.
Basal metabolic rate (`BMR`) is the energy your body uses at complete rest over 24 hours to sustain vital function.
Blood pressure is the force of blood against artery walls, usually reported as systolic over diastolic pressure in `mmHg`.
Body composition describes the proportions of fat mass, lean tissue, bone, and body water.
Body fat percentage is the proportion of total body mass that is fat tissue.
Body mass index (`BMI`) is a screening ratio calculated from body mass and height as `kg/m^2`.
Heart rate zones are intensity ranges that map your cardiovascular response to exercise demand.
`HRV` is heart rate variability, the beat-to-beat variation in time intervals between consecutive heartbeats.
Resting heart rate is your heart rate measured at full rest, usually after waking and before major movement.
Step count is the number of steps you take over a day.
`VO2max` is the highest rate at which your body can take in, transport, and use oxygen during intense exercise.
Aerobic capacity is your ability to produce energy with oxygen during sustained work.
Anaerobic threshold is the highest intensity at which lactate appearance and lactate removal remain close enough that blood lactate can stay near steady for a meaningful duration.
Endurance is your ability to sustain useful output for a long period without unacceptable drop in pace, power, or movement quality.
Lactate threshold is the exercise intensity where lactate production and lactate clearance move from near balance toward sustained accumulation.
Behavior change is the process of replacing unhelpful routines with repeatable actions that support health and performance goals through stronger [habit-formation](/glossary/habit-formation)..
Goal setting is the process of defining desired outcomes and translating them into measurable, time-bound, and behavior-linked targets..
Habit formation is the process of making desired behaviors automatic through repeated execution in consistent contexts and is a core mechanism of [behavior-change](/glossary/behavior-change)..
Mental resilience is the learned ability to stay effective when training gets hard, plans break, or outcomes disappoint.
Mind-body connection is the bidirectional relationship between mental state and physiological function during training and recovery, and it can be trained through [biofeedback](/glossary/biofeedback)..
Stress management is the deliberate control of total stress load from training and life demands to preserve performance, recovery, and well-being through practices like [sleep-hygiene](/glossary/sleep-hygiene)..
Wellness is the integrated state of physical, psychological, and behavioral health that supports sustainable performance and quality of life through consistent [stress-management](/glossary/stress-management)..
Dynamic stretching uses controlled movement through available range of motion to prepare tissues and nervous system for upcoming training demands..
Flexibility is the passive range of motion available at a joint or joint chain, influenced by soft tissue properties and nervous-system tolerance..
Mobility is the ability to move through usable range of motion with strength, control, and coordination..
Mobility work is the planned practice of exercises that improve usable joint range and movement control for specific training or daily-life demands and reinforce [mobility](/glossary/mobility)..
Movement screening is the systematic observation of movement patterns to identify technical constraints, asymmetries, and potential risk factors that may affect training quality and [injury-prevention](/glossary/injury-prevention) planning..
Muscle imbalance refers to differences in strength, control, or activation patterns between related muscles or sides of the body that alter movement quality and often appear in [movement-screening](/glossary/movement-screening) findings..
Static stretching is holding a muscle-tendon unit in an elongated position for a defined duration to increase tolerance to range and improve passive [flexibility](/glossary/flexibility)..
A warm-up is the structured preparation phase before training that raises readiness for the specific movement, intensity, and technical demands of the session, often starting with [dynamic-stretching](/glossary/dynamic-stretching)..
Warm-up sets are progressive preparatory sets performed before main working sets to increase readiness, refine technique, and calibrate load selection inside the broader [warm-up](/glossary/warm-up)..
A calorie deficit is a sustained period where energy intake is lower than energy expenditure, leading to loss of body mass over time..
A calorie surplus is a sustained period where energy intake exceeds expenditure, supporting weight gain and tissue-building goals..
Glycemic index (`GI`) ranks carbohydrate-containing foods by how quickly they raise blood glucose compared with a reference food..
Hydration is the maintenance of adequate body-water status to support physiological function, performance, and recovery.
Macro tracking is the practice of monitoring daily intake of protein, carbohydrate, and fat as [macronutrients](/glossary/macronutrients) to align nutrition with body-composition and performance goals..
Macronutrients are nutrients required in larger amounts that provide energy and structural support: protein, carbohydrate, and fat, with [protein-intake](/glossary/protein-intake) often driving adaptation quality..
Metabolism is the total set of biochemical processes that convert nutrients into energy and tissue-building substrates needed for life and performance, including [basal-metabolic-rate](/glossary/basal-metabolic-rate) demands..
Micronutrients are vitamins and minerals required in small amounts that support energy production, immune function, tissue repair, and neuromuscular processes..
Net calories are your calorie intake minus estimated exercise or activity calories, depending on the app definition you use.
Nutrition coaching is the process of guiding food-related behaviors and intake decisions, including tools like [macro-tracking](/glossary/macro-tracking), to improve health, performance, and body-composition outcomes..
Nutrition timing is the strategic placement of meals, nutrients, and [hydration](/glossary/hydration) around training and recovery windows to improve performance and adaptation..
Protein intake is the amount and distribution of dietary protein consumed to support tissue repair, muscle protein synthesis, and recovery, especially during [calorie-deficit](/glossary/calorie-deficit) phases..
A refeed day is a planned temporary increase in energy intake, usually from carbohydrate, during a prolonged [calorie-deficit](/glossary/calorie-deficit) phase..
Auto-regulation is the adjustment of training variables in real time based on your current readiness and performance response..
A deload week is a planned reduction in training stress used to dissipate accumulated fatigue while maintaining key movement patterns.
A macrocycle is the longest planned training phase, usually spanning several months up to a full season.
A mesocycle is a focused training block, usually 3 to 8 weeks, designed to target a specific adaptation priority.
A microcycle is the shortest structured planning unit in periodized training, usually one week.
Overreaching is short-term performance decline caused by training stress that temporarily exceeds recovery capacity.
Periodization is the structured organization of training stress across time so different adaptations are developed in a logical sequence.
Personalized programming is the design of training plans that match an individual's goals, constraints, response patterns, and risk profile..
Rate of adaptation is the speed at which your performance capacity changes in response to training and recovery inputs..
Training frequency is how often you train a movement pattern, muscle group, energy system, or full session type within a week.
Training intensity is how hard the work is relative to your current capacity.
A training log is a structured record of workouts, recovery context, and key performance indicators used to guide [data-driven-training](/glossary/data-driven-training) decisions..
A training split is the way training work is distributed across days, movement patterns, or muscle groups within a week to match [training-frequency](/glossary/training-frequency) targets..
Training volume is the total amount of work completed over a defined period.
Active recovery is low-intensity movement performed between hard training bouts to support circulation, reduce stiffness, and restore readiness without adding meaningful fatigue or extending [recovery-time](/glossary/recovery-time)..
Detraining is the partial loss of fitness and performance capacity that occurs when training stimulus is reduced or removed.
Injury prevention is the process of reducing avoidable injury risk by managing training load, movement quality, recovery behavior, and context-specific risk factors..
Recovery heart rate is how quickly your heart rate falls after exercise stops.
Recovery time is the period required to restore sufficient readiness after training stress so the next key session can be executed with quality..
Self-myofascial release (`SMR`) is the use of tools such as foam rollers or massage balls to apply pressure to soft tissue for short-term changes in discomfort, perceived stiffness, and range of motion..
Sleep hygiene is the set of behaviors and environment controls that improve your ability to fall asleep, stay asleep, and achieve restorative sleep quality, which you can monitor with [sleep-tracking](/glossary/sleep-tracking)..
Sleep tracking is the systematic measurement of sleep duration, timing, continuity, and related recovery signals such as [`HRV`](/glossary/hrv) using wearables, apps, or manual logs..
Core strength is the ability of trunk and pelvic musculature to generate and transfer force while maintaining positional control under dynamic load in patterns such as the [deadlift](/glossary/deadlift)..
The deadlift is a hip-dominant compound lift where you move a load from the floor to full standing lockout through coordinated lower-body and trunk force production..
Eccentric training emphasizes the lengthening phase of muscle action, where muscle produces force while being stretched under load..
Hypertrophy is the increase in muscle fiber size from repeated training and recovery cycles.
Muscle memory is the phenomenon where previously trained strength and muscle size are regained faster after a break than they were gained initially, even after measurable [detraining](/glossary/detraining)..
Olympic lifts are the snatch and clean and jerk, along with their derivatives, used to develop explosive power, speed-strength coordination, and technical lifting skill..
Progressive overload is the planned increase of training demand over time so your body continues adapting.
Repetition maximum (`RM`) is the greatest load you can lift for a specified number of repetitions with acceptable form.
Strength standards are reference benchmarks used to compare lifting performance against population, sport, or cohort norms, often using [repetition-maximum](/glossary/repetition-maximum) data..
Strength training is the planned use of resistance to improve force production, movement capacity, and tissue resilience.
An AI coach is a software system that generates training or nutrition guidance from user data, goals, and behavior patterns and often delivers it through [chatbot-feedback](/glossary/chatbot-feedback)..
Biofeedback is the use of real-time physiological signals to help you regulate behavior, effort, or recovery responses..
Chatbot feedback is automated conversational guidance delivered in response to user logs, questions, or progress patterns..
Data visualization is the graphical presentation of training and recovery data to make patterns, deviations, and trends easy to interpret..
Data-driven training is the use of structured performance and recovery data from sources such as a [training-log](/glossary/training-log) to guide programming decisions instead of relying only on intuition..
A fitness dashboard is a structured interface that aggregates training, recovery, and behavior metrics into a decision-ready view..
Predictive analytics uses historical and real-time data models to estimate likely future outcomes such as performance trajectory, recovery risk, or adherence probability..
Video analysis is the structured review of movement footage to evaluate technique, timing, and consistency under different loads and fatigue states..
Virtual coaching is the delivery of training guidance, feedback, and accountability through remote channels such as apps, messaging, and [video-analysis](/glossary/video-analysis) review..
Wearable devices are sensors worn on the body that collect physiological and movement data for training, recovery, and health monitoring, which is interpreted through [wearable-metrics](/glossary/wearable-metrics)..
Wearable metrics are the quantified outputs generated by wearable devices, such as heart rate, activity load, sleep estimates, and readiness scores that typically feed a [fitness-dashboard](/glossary/fitness-dashboard)..
Adaptive learning in fitness is the process of updating training prescriptions from observed performance and recovery data so your program evolves with your current state..
Circuit training is a session format where you perform multiple exercises in sequence with limited rest.
Coaching cues are concise instructions that direct attention to improve movement execution, timing, and intent during training..
Functional fitness is training that improves physical capacity for real-world tasks and role-specific demands, including lifting, carrying, moving, and sustaining effort with control..
Interval training alternates planned work bouts and recovery bouts to target specific energy systems with higher precision than continuous training, and the quality of each [rest-interval](/glossary/rest-interval) determines repeatability..
Plyometrics are explosive exercises that use rapid stretch-shortening cycles to improve power, reactivity, and force production rate..
A rest interval is the planned recovery period between repetitions, sets, or work bouts.
`RPE` stands for rating of perceived exertion, a scale that captures how hard a set, interval, or session feels relative to your current capacity..
Sprint intervals are brief, near-maximal or maximal efforts repeated with planned recovery periods to develop speed, anaerobic power, and high-intensity repeatability..
A superset is a training method where two exercises are performed back-to-back with minimal rest before taking a recovery interval..
Tempo training is sustained or repeat work at a controlled moderately hard intensity, typically below upper threshold, designed to improve aerobic durability and pace control..
Workout density is the amount of work performed per unit of time within a session.
